On pandemic fact and fiction
Sunspots • 29 August 2023
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All Archives
by National Health Service (NHS) UK / Charts by Tern / Graphics by C19.Life • Data accessed 28 May 2026
•
18 August 2026
— “What?! Binned by a cold?” NHS (England) Staff Sickness Absence Rates per Month (per 100k) by Staff Group and Condition 2019–2026.
by Jana et al / Trends Open: Cell Press
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13 July 2026
‘One plausible mechanism is the reactivation of latent human herpesviruses such as HHV-6, HHV-7, and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), which have increasingly been linked to long COVID [PASC] and ME/CFS-like phenotypes. These viruses persist lifelong in immune and neural cell populations and can reactivate under conditions of cytokine surges, oxidative stress, immune exhaustion, and mitochondrial dysfunction – the very milieu fostered by persistent [SARS-CoV-2] spike signalling.’
by C Raina MacIntyre, Noor Bari et al / Respiratory Medicine
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13 February 2026
‘Breathing, speaking, coughing, and sneezing produce infectious aerosols in clinical environments. Coughing produces more aerosols than endotracheal intubation.’
by Zdeněk Vrožin MBA
•
25 January 2026
‘In people with pre-existing dementia, SARS-CoV-2 infection is repeatedly associated with faster cognitive decline. For families, that can mean the difference between years at home and a rapid fall over months.’
by C19.Life... et al
•
21 November 2025
‘Although COVID-19 was originally considered a respiratory illness, it is now well established that SARS-CoV-2 infection can have far-reaching impacts on the nervous system. Common neurological symptoms in Long COVID [PASC] include new-onset cognitive difficulties, dysautonomia, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy.’ from ‘Neuroimmune pathophysiology of long COVID’ by Moen et al / Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (2025).
by Byrne et al ~ Nature Pediatric Research / Bioengineer
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11 November 2025
‘The pediatric population, once thought to be relatively spared from severe outcomes, has presented with significant neurological manifestations that raise concerns about the short- and long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the developing nervous system.’
by C19.Life
•
5 November 2025
“How mild can a disease be?” A copycat tale of mildness, taste, tobacco, Public Health, and SARS-2.
by C19.Life
•
1 November 2025
“We’re going to need a bigger Greek alphabet.”
by United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA) / Health & Safety Executive (HSE) / Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) / C19.Life • Accessed 23 Oct 2025
•
23 October 2025
The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has designated SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, a Hazard Group 3 (HG3) pathogen that can cause severe human disease. The United Kingdom’s Health Security Agency (UKHSA) classifies SARS-CoV-2 as a notifiable organism, and COVID-19 as a notifiable disease (2026).
by The British Occupational Hygiene Society ~ COSHH and Healthcare Respiratory Protection
•
20 October 2025
‘FRSMs [Surgical Masks] have never been considered either adequate or suitable equipment for protection against inhalable or respirable risks under COSHH.’
by Zhang et al / The Lancet: Infectious Diseases
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30 September 2025
‘Children and adolescents face a significantly higher risk of various PASC outcomes after reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. Our paediatric findings also align with adult studies. Research in adults shows that long COVID [PASC] symptoms often worsen with repeated infections, suggesting potential shared mechanisms across age groups.’
by C19.Life... et al
•
29 September 2025
‘The arrival of the Omicron variant marked a major shift, introducing numerous extra mutations in the spike gene compared with earlier variants. Before Omicron, natural infection provided strong and durable protection against reinfection, with minimal waning over time. However, during the Omicron era, protection was robust only for those recently infected, declining rapidly over time and diminishing within a year.’
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